我国知识产权停止侵害请求权限制的法律原则

主流学说认为,知识产权请求权是类物权请求权,侵权即应适用停止侵害。这种类推是知识产权物权化的表现,容易使知识产权保护过强而不符合社会经济生活。本质上,知识产权停止侵害请求权是知识产权侵权之债的内容。知识产权侵权行为可造就独特的事实状态,不仅牵涉知识产权人和侵权行为人的利益,而且可能卷入第三人利益和公共利益。法院应基于侵权的具体情况,综合考虑原被告对侵权发生的过错,平衡各方利益,公平地确定知识产权侵权之债的具体履行方式,采用灵活的措施修复侵权损害的社会关系,不应机械地判处侵权人停止侵害。在知识产权法无相反规定的情况下,我国法院应类推适用民法有关债之履行的一般法律规范,在特殊情况下不判处知识产权侵权行为人停止侵害,改为责令其赔偿权利人损失和采取适当的补救措施来实现充分救济。     

Ranking terrorists in networks: A sensitivity analysis of Al Qaeda's 9/11 attack

All over the world, intelligence services are collecting data concerning possible terrorist threats. This information is usually transformed into network structures in which the nodes represent the individuals in the data set and the links possible connections between these individuals. Unfortunately, it is nearly impossible to keep track of all individuals in the resulting complex network. Therefore, Lindelauf et al. (2013) introduced a methodology that ranks terrorists in a network. The rankings that result from this methodology can be used as a decision support system to efficiently allocate the scarce surveillance means of intelligence agencies. Moreover, usage of these rankings can improve the quality of surveillance which can in turn lead to prevention of attacks or destabilization of the networks under surveillance.The methodology introduced by Lindelauf et al. (2013) is based on a game theoretic centrality measure, which is innovative in the sense that it takes into account not only the structure of the network but also individual and coalitional characteristics of the members of the network. In this paper we elaborate on this methodology by introducing a new game theoretic centrality measure that better takes into account the operational strength of connected subnetworks.Moreover, we perform a sensitivity analysis on the rankings derived from this new centrality measure for the case of Al Qaeda's 9/11 attack. In this sensitivity analysis we consider firstly the possible additional information available about members of the network, secondly, variations in relational strength and, finally, the absence or presence of a small percentage of links in the network. We also introduce a case specific method to compare the different rankings that result from the sensitivity analysis and show that the new centrality measure is robust to small changes in the data.     

Bayesian estimation and case influence diagnostics for the zero-inflated negative binomial regression model

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in regression models based on zero-inflated distributions. These models are commonly encountered in many disciplines, such as medicine, public health, and environmental sciences, among others. The zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) model has been typically considered for these types of problems. However, the ZIP model can fail if the non-zero counts are overdispersed in relation to the Poisson distribution, hence the zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model may be more appropriate. In this paper, we present a Bayesian approach for fitting the ZINB regression model. This model considers that an observed zero may come from a point mass distribution at zero or from the negative binomial model. The likelihood function is utilized to compute not only some Bayesian model selection measures, but also to develop Bayesian case-deletion influence diagnostics based on q-divergence measures. The approach can be easily implemented using standard Bayesian software, such as WinBUGS. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated with a simulation study. Further, a real data set is analyzed, where we show that ZINB regression models seems to fit the data better than the Poisson counterpart.     

Evaluation of program success for programs with multiple trials in binary outcomes

A late‐stage clinical development program typically contains multiple trials. Conventionally, the program's success or failure may not be known until the completion of all trials. Nowadays, interim analyses are often used to allow evaluation for early success and/or futility for each individual study by calculating conditional power, predictive power and other indexes. It presents a good opportunity for us to estimate the probability of program success (POPS) for the entire clinical development earlier. The sponsor may abandon the program early if the estimated POPS is very low and therefore permit resource savings and reallocation to other products. We provide a method to calculate probability of success (POS) at an individual study level and also POPS for clinical programs with multiple trials in binary outcomes. Methods for calculating variation and confidence measures of POS and POPS and timing for interim analysis will be discussed and evaluated through simulations. We also illustrate our approaches on historical data retrospectively from a completed clinical program for depression. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

反贪侦查中非法证据排除规则的现实应对

新刑事诉讼法在总结实践经验的基础上进一步规范和完善了我国非法证据排除规则。该规则的确立和应用将对反贪侦查工作带来巨大的影响和挑战,也将对办案人员的素质提出更高的要求。要保障反贪侦查工作依法、持续、健康开展,就必须对非法证据排除规则进行理智辩证的对待、认真细致的研究和积极主动的应对。以章国锡受贿案为透视,提出了在反贪侦查工作中,严格执行收集证据的禁止性规定,全面落实全程同步录音录像制度,提高侦查人员出庭作证的应对能力,建立非法证据排除的预警机制和做好证据的事后补正等应对非法证据排除规则之对策。     

民国上海度政始末

度量衡与天文立法、音律三者是我国中华古老文明的基础,是民众从事经济活动的重要凭借,是百物制度的标准,也是国家政权统一的象征与经济社会发展的保障. 民国时期,地处东部沿海的上海市,开始了全市度量衡标准的划一与度量衡新器的推行工作,最终完成了划一工作,促进了民国时期上海经济社会的发展.     

开发区发展阶段识别及差异化调控对策研究——以湖南省为例

在文献回顾及相关专家访谈基础上,提出开发区成长指数、成长速度、成长累积的概念,并设计出计算方法,以此对湖南省开发区发展阶段及调控对策进行实证研究。首先划定几个临界值识别开发区发展阶段;然后说明湖南开发区发展呈现的明显的不均匀性;最后基于不同发展阶段特征提出相关差异化调控对策。     

解决执行难问题的对策建议

法律制度的供给不足是造成我国执行难的重要原因之一,有效解决执行难,要从制定单独的强制执行法入手,通过重视执行和解的特殊作用,强化媒体曝光、劳务抵债、征信系统＂黑名单＂记录等执行方法和执行措施,并引入检察机关对执行程序的监督机制等。     

我国中小型家具企业的问题及对策分析

我国中小型家具企业在人才结构、营销服务、市场管理、产品系列化、分配机制等方面存在很多问题,应该根据企业自身优势,明确企业定位,更新管理理念,重视人才引进和改善人才结构,打破家族管理模式,建立科学合理的分配机制,加强销售人员的终端培训,建立市场信息网络,谋求中小型家具企业的持久发展,始终保持较强的市场竞争力。